Understanding Coop Sizing Guidelines
Proper coop sizing is vital for the **health, happiness, and egg-laying productivity** of your flock. Overcrowding leads to stress, behavioral issues (like feather picking), and increased risk of disease.
Minimum Space Requirements
Indoor Coop Space (Floor Area)
| Breed Size | Sq Ft Per Bird (Min) |
|---|---|
| Bantam | 2 sq ft |
| Standard | 4 sq ft |
| Large / Heavy | 5 sq ft |
Outdoor Run Space and Features
- **Outdoor Run:** Aim for **10 sq ft** per bird. This is the protected, enclosed space attached to the coop.
- **Nesting Boxes:** Provide **1 nesting box for every 4-5 hens**. Boxes should be private and easily accessible.
- **Roosting Space:** Chickens need space to roost at night. Plan for **8-12 inches** of linear roosting bar space per bird.
- **Ventilation:** Essential for health. Ensure adequate **upper and lower ventilation** to prevent ammonia buildup and moisture without creating drafts.
Essential Coop Design Elements
Roosting Bar Design 🦉
Roosts should be positioned **higher than the nesting boxes** to prevent chickens from sleeping in them (which causes dirty eggs). Use a **2x4 board** with the wider side up for a comfortable, flat surface that chickens can grip securely, preventing foot problems.
Ventilation and Airflow 💨
Good airflow is crucial to remove **ammonia fumes** and excess **moisture** (which causes frostbite in cold weather). Install **vents near the floor** for fresh air and **vents near the roof** (e.g., a gable vent) for hot, moist air to escape. Cover all openings with hardware cloth.
Predator Protection 🦊
The most common mistake is using chicken wire for the run; it only keeps chickens *in*. Use **1/2-inch hardware cloth** for walls and bury a **wire apron** ($12\text{ inches}$ deep or $12\text{ inches}$ out) around the perimeter of the run to deter digging predators like raccoons and foxes.
Coop vs. Run Area
The calculator provides two distinct measurements: the $\mathbf{Coop\ Area}$ is the enclosed, weatherproof space for sleeping and laying. The $\mathbf{Run\ Area}$ is the secure, outdoor space for foraging and exercise.